Health Impacts of the Modern American Diet

Health Impacts of the Modern American Diet In contrast to the epidemics of infectious diseases in the 18th and 19th centuries, the conventional dietary guidelines Americans have been receiving in the past many years has resulted in an epidemic of another genre, that is Obesity. The magnitude of obesity epidemic surpasses the historical epidemics in terms of causing disease and deaths, and an economic burden on individuals and nations at large. About 25% of American populations use Statins (cholesterol lowering drugs) and more and more consume diet low in fat, but inspite of these steps more American are expected to die of heart disease than ever before. American heart Association statistics estimate that presently 75 million Americans have heart disease; about 20 million suffer from diabetes while another 57 million are prediabetics, at risk of developing diabetes disease later. All these diseases are affecting younger population more, contrary to the myth that chronic diseases only affect old people. In contrast to the epidemics of infectious diseases in the 18th and 19th centuries ,the conventional dietary guidelines Americans have been receiving in the past many years has resulted in an epidemic of another genre ,that is Obesity. The magnitude of obesity epidemic surpasses the historical epidemics in terms of causing disease and deaths, and an economic burden on individuals and nations at large. About 25% of American populations use Statins(cholesterol lowering drugs) and more and more consume diet low in fat, but inspite of these steps more American are expected to die of heart disease than ever before. American heart Association statistics estimate that presently 75 million Americans have heart disease; about 20 million suffer from diabetes while another 57 million are prediabetics, at risk of developing diabetes disease later. All these diseases are affecting younger population more, contrary to the myth that chronic diseases only affect old people. Americans have been thriving on a typical diet full of sugars, carbohydrates and processed foods with omega 6 oils, for the last 60 years. While we are enjoying the sweetness of a baked roll in our mouth, our bodies perceive it as a threat to its well-being like an enemy waging war. How can an innocent looking, delicious sweet roll cause a cascade of inflammation to cause serious disease? When you eat simple carbohydrates like sugar, it causes the blood sugar to rise. In response pancreas secrete a hormone Insulin meant to control the blood sugar level. Insulin drives the extra sugar into cells, but if the cells do not require that sugar they throw extra sugar again into blood, as excessive sugar might impair their function. The body secretes more insulin to deal with the rise in blood sugar as a result of extra sugar rejected by cells. The extra glucose gets converted to stored fats. Let’s talk more about that â€Å"not so innocent† sweet roll. Sugar is not the only culprit contained in it .it is baked in omega6 oils like soybean. The same omega 6 oils are used in chips and fries and present in processed foods to give longer shelf life. These omega 6 oils are essential as they are part of cell membranes ,but they need be in correct balance with omega 3 oils .A faulty balance between the two , due to excessive consumption of omega 6 can cause cell membranes to produce Cytokines ,chemical substances which cause inflammation. The ideal ratio of omega 6 and omega 3 should be 1:1, but up to 3; 1 is acceptable considering the trends in food consumption, but today an average American diet is imbalanced to the range of 15:1 to as high as 30:1 in favor of omega-6.This results in huge amounts of cytokines causing inflammation. To add to the injury caused by high blood sugar, the excess weight that we accumulate as a result of these foods, cause over-burdened fat cells which release chemical substances contributing in causing inflammation. So the journey that starts with savoring a sweet roll trigger the harmful process of inflammation in our body causing heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes and Alzheimers disease, There is no choice but to accept that our bodies are not designed by nature to utilize foods rich in sugar and dripping with omega 6 oils. Our continued use of these foods means that inflammatory process in our bodies goes unabated. The solution for curbing this inflammatory process lies in getting closer to nature. Consume foods in their natural form. For carbohydrates choose fruits and vegetables (contain complex carbohydrates), eat proteins to build muscles. Restrict the use of mega 6 oils like corn oil and soybean oil and processed foods containing them. Make healthier choices, one tablespoon of corn oil contains 7,280 mg of omega-6; soybean contains 6,940 mg, instead choose to use olive oil or butter from grass-fed beef. These animal fats contain less than 20% of omega 6, thus much lesser risk for causing inflammation, as opposed to the so called healthier polyunsaturated oils. The myth that saturated fats alone are responsible for heart disease has been drummed into your ears for so long that you believe it as â€Å"science†. It is time for you to leave behind all overstated science of saturated fats raising cholesterol and only saturated fats causing heart disease. In context of the new discovery, that inflammation not cholesterol causes heart disease, the concern about saturated fats no longer remains relevant. The old cholesterol theory led to low fat and no fat dietary recommendations and consumption of foods taking the injurious effects of inflammation to an epidemic proportion. People were wronged by the advice to increase the consumption of omega 6 oils and decreasing the use of saturated fats, leading to injurious cascade of inflammation inside our bodies; it resulted in all-time highest rates for developing heart and other chronic diseases What you can do to Right this wrong? I will emphasize again, go natural. Try to remember the foods your grandmother served on the table and get closer to them instead of processed foods your mother bought from the grocery store. Good news is that by avoiding the inflammatory food and consuming fresh unprocessed food containing essential nutrients, you cannot only halt the process of inflammation inside the body, but you can also turn the wheels of this process backwards and reverse the injurious effects of eating a typical American diet for many years. Animal Proteins; You Should Eat Them for a Healthy Heart Most people think that only health problem associated with eating a vegetarian, also called as vegan diet, is Vitamin B12 deficiency, as its present only in animal sources in its natural form. This is a serious health hazard as research has shown that vitamin B12 deficiency can cause elevated homocysteine levels, which increase the risk for developing heart disease and stroke. But, B12 deficiency is not the only health risk associated with vegan diet. New research is coming up with evidence that diet devoid of all animal foods leads to a low dietary intake of proteins and sulfur amino acids, thus increasing the risk of heart disease in vegetarians. Vegetables are an excellent source of nutrients and have lots of benefits for the heart and overall health. You can eat as much vegetables as you like without any health fear, rather this is what should be aimed by every one for optimal health. The problem arises when you eliminate animal proteins completely from your diets resulting in deficiency of valuable nutrients that can only be obtained from animal sources. According to WHO (World health Organization), 36 million people die each year because of chronic diseases also known a Non communicable diseases. The four major diseases of this group include heart diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, Diabetes and cancers. In the US, in the Year 2013, more than 1,660,290 new cancer cases were projected to be diagnosed and about 580,350 Americans died from the disease. Today, heart disease is the leading Couse of death in America, both in men and women. About 600,000 Americans die of heart disease annually. Modern biomedical science has made leaps of advancement in technology in the last 50 years or so, but western medicine has failed to control the occurrence of these top killer diseases, i.e. cancer and heart disease. Practice over the years has shown that western medicine has developed â€Å"conventional strategies† for dealing these diseases from the diagnosis to treatment .These conventional strategies are based on wrong assumptions and approaches that have proven to be more harmful than beneficial. Moreover, these strategies of modern medicine do not address the root cause of the problem, which is a faulty diet high in Sugars and processed foods. For more than 60 years, saturated fats have been held responsible for causing heart disease. The conventional dietary advice and recommendations for prevention of heart diseases have remained focused on low fat diet, but these faulty recommendations have actually contributed in the epidemic of heart disease and other chronic diseases, we are facing today. Stress on low fat diets has resulted in promulgation of a very dangerous low-fat, high-sugar diet. Actually, an optimum diet that promotes health and prevents diseases should be high in good fats and very low in sugars and carbohydrates from the non-vegetable sources. Research conducted by some of the most prestigious institutions in the US confirms that Sugar is the main dietary factor responsible for development of chronic diseases. This information that sugar especially in form of fructose is the main culprit in causing heart disease and cancers enables you to chalk out a prevention plan for yourself. Health practitioners and naturopaths have been warning against the health risks associated with the high consumption of sugars. Many people stop or decrease the use of sugar in tea or coffee and other sweets or confectionaries, but you have to beware of the Hidden sugar in food products. Hidden sugar is present as ‘High fructose corn syrup’ (HFCS) in almost every processed food item ranging from sodas to yogurts, sauces, and breads. Many staple foods which are grain based like wheat, corn or rice are also eventually converted to the sugar in your body. Thus, the bagels, pan cakes and breakfast cereal are actually increasing the sugar burden in your body. The main culprit among sugars is Fructose. Clinical trials showed that people consuming HFCS were more likely to develop cardiovascular diseases risk factor in a short span of almost two weeks. The brighter side is that studies have also shown that if sugar consumption is restricted ,whatever sugar form it may be ,it significantly decreases the risk for developing both breast and colon cancers. The health benefits of fruits are far more greater than any concerns for fructose damage ,but remember two principles Eat in moderation ,as the newer trend to grow fruits that are very sweet has resulted in very high levels of fructose in fruits as compared to earlier times Eat the whole fruit and refrain from juices, as juice contains only the sugar and vitamins and deficient in the fiber and other nutrients contained in the pulp of fruits. The real cause of concern is the High fructose syrup that is added in almost every processed food or drink that we buy. Healthy diet for maintaining blood glucose and Insulin levels, in conjunction with a comprehensive exercise program are two essential components of a cancer recovery program. These are also essential parts of any cancer prevention strategy. Diet and exercise also play an important role in preventing heart disease. Research studies have shown that exercise can reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases by a factor of three. In a recent meta-analysis conducted at the Bloomberg institute of Public health, 305 randomized controlled trials were reviewed for comparing the effects of exercise and heart disease medications. The analysis interestingly revealed that there was no statistically significant difference between the effects of exercise and heart medicines like statins (cholesterol lowering drugs) and beta blockers. The crux of the matter remains that a â€Å"Healthy life style†, to maintain an adequate weight with healthy eating and regular exercise is the need. A healthy diet and exercise program ensures that insulin and leptin receptor sensitivity is maintained. As mentioned earlier, insulin and leptin resistance, resulting for the excessive consumption of refined sugars and lack of exercise, is the root cause of all chronic diseases Things to be done to reverse insulin and lepton resistance effectively are; Keep away from sugar, processed foods ,processed fructose and grains Consume healthy diet of organic, whole foods Carbohydrates in grains can be replaced with healthier choices like large quantities of vegetables, high quality proteins in low to moderate amounts; ideally form organically raised pastured animals. Forget the faulty recommendation of 10% fats in diet. Consume as much as you like from healthy fats (saturated and monosaturated fats from animal and tropical oil sources).For optimum health people may use up to 50-85% fats in their diet Deep fried food in Traditional Southern Diet makes you prone for developing- STROKE The traditional southern food is famous for the deep fried stuff, but new medical research suggests that consumption of these deep fried food increases the risk for developing Stroke. The results from a research study conducted at University of Alabama at Birmingham were presented at the annual International Stroke Conference in Hawaii. The results showed a massive 41 % percent increase in the risk for developing stroke for people who use the typical southern diet rich in deep fried items regularly, as compared to those who don’t use such food, and the risk was even higher for African-American which was 63 percent How to attain Balance in Omega 6:3 Ratio I would be giving you few tips for avoiding the consumption of foods that would adversely affect the omega 6:3 ratio. 1: Always read the label of the foods and condiments you buy. Almost all processed and prepackaged food contains oils that are rich in omega 6 and thus would adversely affect your Omega 6:3 balance. In the following table you would find oils rich in omega 6, thus need to be avoided and the other alternate choices of fats that are acceptable for maintaining this balance. The paleo diet consumed by our forefathers mainly consisted of lean meats, vegetables, fruits nuts, seeds and very limited amounts of grains, along with a very active lifestyle they maintained their blood sugar levels in the range of 60 to 90 mg /dl. Meanwhile the high carb and sugary diets which are consumed today result in unhealthy spikes in blood sugar levels. The excess blood sugar in our blood causes many health hazards including heart disease, damage to the blood vessels and may trigger yeast over growth resulting in fungal infections

Nelson Mandela’s Speech “I Am Prepared to Die” Essay

In 1962-1964, Nelson Mandela was charged for opposing the white government of South Africa, high treason, sabotage, and the conspiracy to overthrow the government. In his defense, Mandela gave a speech titled â€Å"I am Prepared to Die† at his trial. This speech is powerful and full of literary devices. In parts of this potent speech he utilizes facts, statistics, and allusions as a tool to his defense. In the beginnings of his speech he uses an anecdote, which is a short interesting story about a real incident or person. Here Mandela states that as young boy in Transkei he listened to the elders of his tribe telling stories of how it used to be, and of wars their ancestors fought against the fatherland, and names such as Dingane, Bambata, Hinsta, and Makana were praised all over the African nation. He uses this to elucidate that he hoped to help his people and make a difference in their freedom. As of the factual parts he states within them, that he admits he was one of the people who helped to form Umkhonto we Sizwe until he was arrested in August 1962, holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Arts and practiced as an attorney in Johannesburg, a convicted prisoner serving five years, and saying that more than 85,000 people defied the apartheid laws and went to jail. With more facts throughout the speech, it gave Mandela more of a reasoning to not be convicted. As of the statistical portions of this speech he stated that more than 85,000 people were arrested for defying the apartheid laws, adaging that 70 percent of South Africa were not entitled to vote, also stating that sixty-nine unarmed Africans died at Sharpeville. These statistics gave Mandela more edge to his defense and supported him. Though Mandela’s speech was intense it wasn’t enough to find him innocent. He was sentenced to life, which he was released at 71 years of age, on February 11, 1990. Yet I still find that this speech was powerful. The literary devices gave him edge and his evidence was correct.

Essay on The Spread of Christianity in the Roman Empire

Factors Which Led to the Spread of Christianity in the Roman Empire Christianity was not born in a vacumn. There were many social, geographical, historical and religious issues prevailing at the time of Christ and all of which were favorable to the spread of Christianity. Geograpicly, Christianity came into being in the Meditation world, the largest of the various centers of civilization at that time. Israel stands almost central to the five continents, dividing the east and west. Another factor, which many scholars believe to be the single most important in the spread of Christianity, is the Pax Romana. This saw a period of over two hundred years, between 30 b.c. and a.d. 193, in†¦show more content†¦This could only be done if travel was easy, which required good roads connecting every part of the empire with the capital. These roads were not exclusively for military use and the progress of travel was increased for all, this included the travel of Christian missionaries. Another extremely important factor which contributed to the spread of the Christian faith was the creation of a universal language- this came in the form of Greek. The result was that the movement of ideas was no longer restricted by the language barrier. The Old Testament was translated into Greek and, outside Israel, it was widely used in Jewish communities- it was often the Greek and not the Hebrew version of the bible which was used by Paul and other early missionaries quoted from. For the first one hundred years of the churchs writings, Greek was the medium used for expansion into the Gentile world. Wand highlights the importance of a universal language, One coinage and one language would carry the traveler all the way... Greek was a kind of universal language which one could make shift anywhere- there would always be found someone who could speak it. Growing cosmopolitism must also be considered as a factor which favored the spread of Christianity. In both the Greek and Roman Empires there was a tendency to conform to a set pattern; this resulted in local peculiarities beingShow MoreRelatedJustinian And The Byzantine Empire1568 Words   |  7 PagesByzantine Empire. Although it is currently referred to as the Byzantine Empire, many citizens and leaders, including Justinian, considered themselves to be Roman and part of the Roman Empire. This mentality led to the revival of the Roman Empire in Byzantine and in its capital, Constantinople. During his rule, Justinian led the empire to its greatest size both in the amount of controlled land and influence over groups in Europe and Asia. He also contributed to the spread of Christianity both withinRead MoreConstantine and His Effect on Christianity1518 Words   |  7 PagesConstantine and his effect on Christianity When we look back at Christianity over the years, there are several people who are remembered for their impact on the religion. The first most important figure was Jesus Christ. However, if we travel forward a bit, into the 4th Century we come across Constantine. Historians agree that Constantine served as an important component in the spread of Christianity. Although he spread the religion in a massive way, others wonder if his methods were more harmfulRead MoreHow Did Christianity Become A Major World Religion?1660 Words   |  7 PagesHow did Christianity become a major world religion? Saint Paul had a huge impact on the development of Christianity. He spread the word of Christianity throughout the Roman Empire by visiting synagogues, preaching, and writing letters. Without Saint Paul, Christianity would not have been a major religion of the world, instead, another would have likely taken its place. Saint Paul, originally named Saul, was a crucial part in the development of Christianity. Paul, who was born in Tarsus, CiliciaRead MoreChristianity And Its Impact On The Development Of Christianity1283 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity was born and flourished in an empire where the common language was Latin and Greek. Two important people like Paul and Constantine further influenced and were a major part of the development of Christianity. The history of the Jews leading up to the time of Jesus had a major impact on the development of Christianity. â€Å"When Christianity was clearly identified as a distant religion, the new religion was considered by its members to be the fulfillment of Judaism rather than a new religionRead MoreWhat If Paul Had Never Converted From Christianity?854 Words   |  4 PagesWhat If Paul Had Never Converted to Christianity? If Paul had never converted to Christianity things would be very different. Paul played a pivotal role in spreading Christianity. Without Paul s influence the Roman Empire might still believe in Roman Mythology. Paul heavily influenced Christianity through traveling and teaching. Without Paul s existence things would be very different. Paul s original name was Saul. Saul started out hating and persecuting Christians. Saul had a big conversionRead MoreChristianity : Christian Or Pagan?1264 Words   |  6 PagesChristian or Pagan? What if Paul had not converted to Christianity? Paul is the reason why we have Christianity today. On his trail to becoming Christian, he faced a lot of challenges one being thrown into prison, but it did not stop him from perusing what he believed in. So if Paul had never converted to Christianity, it would not have spread to the Roman Empire, and it would have never been legalized, therefore it would not be a common religion today. Saint Paul was born in 2 AD in Tarsus,Read MoreThe Between Roman Empire And Christianity851 Words   |  4 Pages(1) Describe the interrelation between the Roman Empire and Christianity by examining the following: (a) Emperor Constantine (b) The Latin Language (c) Church Ritual. The Roman Empire was extremely instrumental in the growth and spread of Christianity. It was already about 400 years old at the birth of Jesus Christ, the founder of the Christian faith, and directly influenced his life. The Roman Empire saw the growing Christian cult as threat, and ordered the crucifixion of Jesus. The followersRead MoreThe Legend Of Dante s Aeneid1286 Words   |  6 Pageswas once Troy. The Roman empire was a very complex civilization that had managed to spread to various places of the ancient world. Noticeably, The entity had an underlying impact on religion since during this era Christianity rose to prominence all around the world. The civilization contributed significantly to the development of literature with notable figures, such as Cicero writing creative works of literature. During this period the date system was developed by the Romans, which had a key effectRead MoreThe Spread Of Christianity And Western Europe1637 Words   |  7 PagesThe spread of Chr istianity in Western Europe was both similar and different to the spread of Islam. The rise of Islam starts with the Prophet Muhammad, believed by Muslims (followers of Islam) to be the last in a line of prophets that includes Moses and Jesus. Because Muhammad was the chosen one to be the messenger of the word of God, Muslims from all around the world work to follow the example he set. For Muslims after the Qur an (their bible), the sayings and teachings of Muhammad and the descriptionsRead MoreRise Of Christianity : Christianity1456 Words   |  6 PagesRise of Christianity Essay Christianity is one of the largest religions in the world. With 2.2 billion adherents, it ranks above Islam, Atheists, and Hinduism. So why is this religion so well known? How did it get where it is today? Where did it start? It started with Jesus of Nazareth who was born in Bethlehem, the Messiah to the Jewish people, and crucified by the Romans. His life, works, death, and resurrection is what started Christianity. But that wasn’t the end of it. Christians would face

Those Books Were not Actually Bound in Human Skin

Any really old library accumulates many weird books in the course of its existence, and weird stories connected with them as well. Harvard University’s library is no exception, and the most interesting of all these stories of probably a rumor that three books at its disposal are bound in actual human skin. The story itself is not a new one – first it appeared in the Internet back in 2006, and was dedicated to three books kept in three separate libraries on the University’s campus. It, as expected, attracted a lot of attention from lovers of macabre details, but gradually died away. But about a month ago it surfaced again, and again produced an uproar – so much of it, that Harvard’s authorities decided to investigate the matter to finally find out whether there is any reality underneath this myth. Yes, up until now nobody knew for sure what these books were actually bound in. One cannot define the material by eye, and until recently there were no trustworthy techniques that would allow any definite conclusions. Thus, one of the books was subjected to a new method of identifying proteins developed in the last 20 years, and it was found that, alas, the macabre legend is simply a legend after all. The leather the cover was made of turned out to be rather trivial sheepskin. What makes this story more interesting is that the idea that it was bound in human skin was not by any means groundless – there is an inscription inside the book which quite unequivocally states that it was bound in the skin of Jonas Wright who was flayed alive by Wavuma (presumably an African tribe). Wright’s friend was given the book, the most prized of Wright’s possessions, and his skin to bind it, by Wavuma’s king. So either the sheep was named Jonas Wright, owned a book and was flayed alive by African tribesmen, or there is something else behind this story. Perhaps the book was originally really bound in the skin of hapless Mr. Wright and was later rebound (the books were costly in the past, and it was by far more logical to get it a new cover if it got damaged than throw it away). Or, perhaps, it is an age-old joke by somebody with a rather dark sense of humor – after all, black comedy wasn’t invented yesterday. We probably will never find out the truth, but what we know is clear – yet another grim but interesting mystery is replaced by boring facts. Perhaps two other books from Harvard’s library are really bound in human skin? The university’s officials don’t seem to be in a hurry to analyze them as well.

The Constitution Of Nepal 2015 - 1034 Words

Imagine how would you feel if you waited for something for decades but, when it arrived, some of your brothers and sisters did not like it.Excitement and frustration simultaneously. That is the predicament which the Nepali people have been feeling today. The people waited for 65 years for a constitution written by their elected representatives. Such a charter -- Constitution of Nepal 2015 -- has been finally promulgated today, on 20 September. Most people seem happy but some are clearly agitated. The country had waited for this day since 1950. At the time of removing Rana oligarchy, King Tribhuvan had promised to call elections for a constituent assembly to draft a new constitution. But that did not transpire. Kings gifted the statute†¦show more content†¦The second assembly, elected in 2013, has been able to sort out the issue providing for seven states, though not to everyone s liking. Five things put pressure on Nepali leaders to deliver the constitution this time around. First, the Nepali Congress Party and the Communist Party of Nepal (UML), which preferred a few multi-ethnic states, secured nearly two-thirds majority in the assembly and formed a coalition government with smaller parties, enhacing their strength further. Thus they had the number and confidence to sail the charter to the finish line. Second, bothPrime Minister Sushil Koirala and UML leader KP Oli were personally men in a hurry. The ailing Koirala wanted to promulgate the statute on his watch. The ailing Oli wanted to become premier before his health marred his ambition. Therefore, Koirala and Oli promised support to each other to realize their respective ambitions, as quickly as possible. Third, the devastating chain quakes and aftershocks in April and May this year -- they killed nearly 10,000 people, destroyed nearly 7 billion rupees worth of property and affected one-third of the country s population -- spurred the coalition to accelerate the pace. It became absurd for them to quibble over the fine prints of the charter at a time when the people and country cried for relief and reconstruction in the wake of the natural calamity. Fourth, the Maoist leader

Ancient Egypt Palaces and Pyramids Free Essays

Palaces and Pyramids: A Deeper Look Pyramids have long been an image of ancient Egyptian lands and culture, being one of the most recognizable aspects of their life and culture. Huge man made buildings give tourists and many alike a view into the past the dedication these ancient people put-forth to their craft and cause. Not long before these great pyramids were raised, another people like the ancient Egyptians built huge complexes themselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Ancient Egypt: Palaces and Pyramids or any similar topic only for you Order Now Great palace structures like that of Sargon II, discovered in Dur Sharrukin where present-day Khorsabad, Iraq is located, allow us to understand how these people of the Ancient Near East were vastly similar and respectfully different from the people of Ancient Egypt. The pyramids of Ancient Egypt help us journey into the past and help us gain an idea of what these huge structures meant to the people constructing them, and those who they were constructed for. These structures were built for the burial of kings, rulers, and people of the like. They were raised high to the sky, thought to help these fallen leaders become closer to the gods and to allow an easy transition into the afterlife. They had slanted triangular walls which are thought to represent the slanting rays of the sun. The first of these burial chambers was a mastaba, which was low, solid, and rectangular in shape. These mastabas consisted of a chapel where the deceased person’s family and friends could pay tribute through the offering of gifts. A serdab was also inside the mastabas where the statue of ka (believed to be the soul of a person) was placed. An underground burial chamber completed the construction of the mastaba. These mastabas were originally built with mud brick, but as the culture progressed they were built with limestone. Eventually, the mastaba evolved into a much larger structure. This structure was a stacking of mastaba forms with a large mastaba at the base and decreasing in size as it extended vertically, like steps. The stepped pyramid, as they were called, contained an original mastaba towards the center of this raised structure. It also contained an underground burial chamber just like the original mastabas. These huge pyramids were built with massive quantities of limestone making them very sturdy structures being able to withstand strong weather conditions. The pyramid structures that followed were slightly different in their structure and composition. They no longer contained the original mastaba like that of the stepped pyramids. Instead, they enclosed ascending and descending corridors leading to and from the underground burial chamber. There are also different in that they have small corridors that are believed to be air shafts. The most famous of these pyramid structures are the Great Pyramids of Giza in Giza. These pyramids were built by three successive kings Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure. Placed on the west side of the Nile, these pyramids were constructed as funerary temples for the three kings, each having his own built where he was to be place upon his death. These pyramids are of the regular pyramid variety, not displaying the steps like those of the stepped pyramids. The building of these pyramids was no ordinary task. Teams of workers transported stones averaging 2. 5 tons by muscle power, placing logs underneath as rollers, and sliding them across mud on sleds. When the kings died, they were embalmed and placed inside a coffin which was placed deep and underground within the pyramid inside the burial chamber. A large 50-ton stone block sealed off the burial chamber. These pyramids were used as a protection device as the kings’ souls each climbed to the sky to be amongst the gods. These pyramids of Giza also contained three false passage ways to further protect the kings from intruders entering the pyramid. Inscriptions of the deceased kings depict them climbing up rays of sun to join the sun god Ra. These inscriptions help tell us that the Egyptian people were highly invested in the afterlife and spent much time preparing for it. It also reinforces the structure and function of the pyramids as their slanting walls were thought to be built in accordance with the rays of the sun. The palace complexes of Assyria during the time period of the Ancient Near East were no slouch to the pyramids of ancient Egypt. These huge complexes were elaborate in design and structure as they were built for similar reasons to the pyramids of Egypt. These palace complexes were constructed in honor and tribute of kings just like the pyramids of Ancient Egypt. However, these palaces were built in honor of military victories and ruling success, unlike the reasons of the pyramids. Constructed with adobe brick, limestone, and marble the complexes were used with different kinds of material unlike the pyramids of Ancient Egypt. These complexes were lined with relief sculptures, paintings, and wall reliefs describing military victories of kings. These works helped show the power of the king to the people visiting and entering the complex. A famous palace complex was built by Sargon II and was located in Dur Sharrukin. Surrounding the castle complex was a protecting fortress. The palace complex was guarded by two towers and was only accessible by a wide ramp leading up to an open square around which government and religious officials were scattered about. The main courtyard was beyond this complex which housed service buildings on the right and temples to the left. The heart of the palace was just past the main courtyard where the king’s residence was located. A gate with large a pair of lamassu guarded the entrance to the king’s palace. Inside the palace was a large ziggurat made up of seven levels each painted a different color. This ziggurat was a symbol of the king’s claim to his empire. Both the pyramids of Ancient Egypt and the palace complexes of Assyria were massive architectural achievements of their respective time periods. These huge structures help show the kind of religious and military commitment that the people of these two periods possessed. The palaces and pyramids were both built upon the idea of honoring the kings of the time, each through a different avenue. The pyramids of Ancient Egypt were used as a funerary complex to honor and ultimately assist their kings into the afterlife where they would live for eternity with the gods. The palace complexes were also built in tribute of their king but were used to honor military achievement and ruling success. Although we are uncertain of the exact meaning of everything to do with the two structures, they allow us to take a journey into the ancient world and better understand the culture and life of these interesting people. How to cite Ancient Egypt: Palaces and Pyramids, Essay examples

Mining in Australia for Chinese Economy - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discus about theMining in Australia for Chinese Economy. Answer: The mining industry is one of the most economically reliable sectors in the Australian industry. It significance is spread all through the economy and so any variation both domestically and the in the international market is likely to attract greater concern particularly in the macroeconomic aspects. In light of this, iron ore as a chief component of the mining sector has undergone a tumultuous time in relation to the fluctuation that resulted into a 5 year low decline which then created economic tensions as reflected in the employment, current account balance, exchange rate and output. However, there were fiscal and monetary policies being employed by the Australian government in response to this occurrence. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the extent at which these policies worked. Recommendations are also given while looking at the likely drawbacks of the policies in question as well. The international mineral prices with regard to Australia have for a long time been determined by China which is the worlds largest producer and consumer of Steel. A slowing growth in the Chinese demand exacerbated the unlikely situation in the world market. Despite the general expectation that the mineral prices in the international market were bound to fall considerably, the resulting occurrence was more than anticipated which was ignited by the reduction in the growth of the Chinese economy in general (Poon et al 2016). A larger than expected increases in the lower-cost supply meant that the Australian economy had to bear the brunt of this happening. However, the increase and rapid expansion of the production and investment in Australia in general created a more compelling case for the significance of the iron ore prices in the Australian economy. As a result, a fall in the international demand chiefly brought by the plummeting demand by China created a hostile environment for the Australias terms of trade. In other words, there was a huge decline in the terms of trade (George 2016). Lesser demand for the products in the international market translates to lower value of the exports. In response to this, the government sought to bring back the economy on track by depreciating the Australian dollar. This move is vital in offsetting the domestic loses. The Australian mining industry is predominantly foreign owned and so a sharp decline in prices of iron ore necessitated a sizeable portion of the profits being flowed to parent countries during this period. As a result, domestic net investments reduced sharply in response to this occurrence. Furthermore, it weighed in on the real GDP and realized through a downward pressure on the national income (Mudd 2007). The effect has consistently revealed through a reduction in the consumption levels. When the profits from mining are not ploughed back into the economy in terms of investments, it deprives the economic growth. A contraction in the net spending on the available goods and services is further enhanced by a lack of initiatives to create other avenue that the citizens can earn income. In this case, two macroeconomic aspects are in play here; unemployment/employment and Real GDP/output. In response to this foreign deprivation, the Australian government adopted a policy that stressed a n investment spending to a tune of $100million (Department of Mining Industry 2017). This was meant to reduce the investment gap that a drop in the international mining prices had on the Australian sector. Furthermore, a shrinking investment base catapulted unemployment as more people working in the mining and other related industries lost their jobs because there was a sudden reduction in the output in a bid to mitigate the ballooning costs. In the same bracket, shrinking investments tends to exacerbate inflation rates because there is more money in the economy for consumers to spend. As a monetary policy, the government sought to cap the interest rates at under 2% according to Yoemans (2016) in order to combat the increasing money supply owing to a reduction in the investments. In the diagram, increasing the interest rates will effectively lower the aggregate demand as consumer disposable income reduces as indicated by a shift from AD1 to AD2. The policies adopted by the Australian government are practically working as indicated by the following aspects. First, through increasing investment in the mining sector, the economy has witnessed a slight rise in the Real GDP. This has then implied that the unemployment rate has slowed down as other sectors of the economy are opened hence creation of jobs. Secondly, a boom in the property market in Australia particularly the cities of Melbourne and Sidney is a case for further investments which is likely to ensure more stability is realized as well (Costello Knights 2013). While the economy marginally looks to recover from the ashes of a decline in the mining sector particularly a slump in the prices of iron ore, it is important that the following recommendations are factored in. first, diversification of the economy is explored extensively. Australia is inherently dependent on mining and a slight crash could have wanton implications on the economy in general. Agriculture, tourism and manufacturing provides other alternatives because mining alone contributing 44% of the GDP is disastrous for any negative eventuality. Secondly, there is need to have more budgetary allocation to further investments in other sectors as well as mining itself to curb this problem (Philips, 2016). In summary, the manner in which the international market is set up means that commodities are prone to market fluctuations and so does mining and specifically iron ore. The reduction in demand for iron ore and other mining products by China contributed greatly to the events that shook the Australian economy. A dismal performance in the Australian dollar worsened the situation. However, a glimmer of hope lie in the government responses in averting the problems. Capping the interest rates was vital in keeping the inflation rates low while at the same further investment cut down on the negative balance of trade and the deficits which eventually prompted an increase in the employment levels. Nonetheless, there is need to have more investment and budgetary allocation to have the problem controlled properly. References Mudd, G. M. 2007. The sustainability of mining in Australia: key production trends and their environmental implications. Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University and Mineral Policy Institute, Melbourne. Poon, A., Raval, S., Banerjee, B. P., Shamsoddini, A. 2015. Detection of Changes in the Wetland Conditions adjacent to a Longwall Mining Area in the Southern Coalfields, New South Wales Using Radar Satellite Data.Journal of Research Projects Review, 35. Costello, C., Knights, P. 2013. Grizzly Modifications at ridgeway deeps Block cave Mine. Mining Education Australia, 11. Department of Mining industry (2017. Australia's Mineral Commodities. Australian Government of Industry, Innovation and Science. Retrieved from: https://industry.gov.au/resource/Mining/Pages/default.aspx Philips, K. 2016. The mining boom that changed Australia. Australia Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved from: https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/rearvision/the-mining-boom-that-changed-australia/7319586 Yoemans, J. 2016. Australia's mining boom turns to dust as commodity prices collapse. The Telegraph. Retrieved from: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/industry/mining/12142813/Australias-mining-boom-turns-to-dust-as-commodity-prices-collapse.html George, M.W. 2016."Mineral Commodity Summaries 2016"(pdf. Reston, VA: U.S. Geological Survey. pp.7071.